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Rights, Liberties, and JusticeRights, Liberties, and JusticeInstitutional Powers and ConstraintsInstitutional Powers and ConstraintsA Short CourseA Short Course A Short Course, 3rd Edition
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Recent Cases

  Federal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. (2007)
  Gonzales v. Carhart (2007)
  Hein v. Freedom from Religion Foundation, Inc. (2007)
  Morse v. Frederick (2007)
  Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1;
                  Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education
(2007)


PART I An Introduction to the U.S. Constitution

Chapter 1. The Living Constitution

  The Amendment Process

  The Supreme Court and the Living Constitution
      Coleman v. Miller (1939)
      NOW v. Idaho (1982)

Chapter 2. Understanding the Supreme Court

PART II Insitutional Authority

Chapter 3. The Judiciary

  The Establishment of the Federal Judiciary
      Martin v. Hunter's Lessee (1816)
      Cohens v. Virginia (1821)

  Judicial Review
      Hylton v. United States (1796)

  Constraints on Judicial Review
      Luther v. Borden (1849)
      Colegrove v. Green (1946)
      Baker v. Carr (1962)
      Frothingham v. Mellon (1923)
      Flast v. Cohen (1968)
      Hein v. Freedom from Religion Foundation, Inc. (2007)

Chapter 4. The Legislature

  Historical Overview

  Members of Congress: Qualifications, Immunity, and Discipline
      Powell v. McCormack (1969)
      Kilbourn v. Thompson (1881)
      Gravel v. United States(1972)

  The Sources and Scope of Legislative Powers
      McGrain v. Daugherty (1927)
      Watkins v. United States (1957)
      Barenblatt v. United States (1959)
      Panama Refining Co. v. Ryan (1935)

  Congress and the Separation of Powers
      Hampton & Company v. United States (1928)
      City of Boerne v. Flores (1997)
      Dickerson v. United States (2000)

Chapter 5. The Executive

  Selection and Formal Powers

  Domestic Powers of the President
      In re Neagle (1890)
      Train v. City of New York (1975)
      Bowsher v. Synar (1986)
      Buckley v. Valeo (1976)
      Morrison v. Olson (1988)
      Myers v. United States (1926)
      Humphrey's Executor v. United States (1935)
      Mississippi v. Johnson (1867)
      Nixon v. Fitzgerald (1982)

  The President and Foreign Affairs
      The Prize Cases (1863)
      Ex parte Milligan (1866)
      Ex parte Quirin (1942)
      Hamdan v. Rumsfeld (2006)
      Hirabayashi v. United States (1943)

PART III. Introduction to Nation-State Relations

Chapter 6. Federalism

  The Marshall Court and the Rise of National Supremacy

  The Taney Court and the (Re)Emergence of States' Rights
      Scott v. Sandford (1857)

  Dual Federalism and Laissez-Faire Economics

  The (Re)Emergence of National Supremacy: Cooperative Federalism
      National League of Cities v. Usery (1976)

  The Return to Dual Federalism
      New York v. United States (1992)
      Alden v. Maine (1999)
      Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida (1996)

Chapter 7. The Commerce Power

  Constitutional Foundations of the Commerce Power

  Defining Interstate Commerce
      Houston, E. & W. Railway Co. v. United States (1914)
      Kidd v. Pearson (1888)
      United States v. E.C. Knight (1895)
      Northern Securities Company v. United States (1904)
      Swift & Company v. United States (1905)
      Stafford v. Wallace (1922)

  The Supreme Court, the New Deal, and Beyond
      Gonzalez v. Raich (2005)
      Panama Refining Company v. Ryan (1935)
      Humphrey's Executor v. United States (1935)
      Carter v. Carter Coal (1936)
      Wickard v. Filburn (1942)
      United States v. Morrison (2000)
      Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. United States Corps of Engineers (2001)

  Regulating Commerce as a Federal Police Power

  The Commerce Power and the States

Chapter 8. The Power to Tax and Spend

  The Constitutional Power to Tax and Spend
      United States v. United States Shoe Corporation (1998)

  Direct Taxes and the Power to Tax Income
      Hylton v. United States (1796)
      Springer v. United States (1881)

  Intergovernmental Tax Immunity
      Collector v. Day (1871)
      Graves v. New York ex rel. O'Keefe (1939)
      South Carolina v. Baker (1988)
      Davis v. Michigan Department of Treasury (1989)

  Taxation as a Regulatory Power
      McCray v. United States (1904)
      Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Company (1922)

  Taxing and Spending for the General Welfare
      United States v. Butler (1936)

PART IV. Economic Liberties and Individual Rights

Chapter 9. The Contract Clause

  The Framers and the Contract Clause

  John Marshall and the Contract Clause
      Fletcher v. Peck (1810)
      Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)

  The Decline of the Contract Clause
      Fertilizing Company v. Hyde Park (1878)
      Stone v. Mississippi (1880)

  Contemporary Applications of the Contract Clause
      United States Trust v. New Jersey (1977)
      Allied Structural Steel v. Spannaus (1979)
      Energy Reserves Group, Inc. v. Kansas Power and Light (1983)
      Keystone Bituminous Coal Association v. DeBenedictis (1987)

Chapter 10. Economic Substantive Due Process

  The Development of Substantive Due Process
      Slaughterhouse Cases (1873)
      Munn v. Illinois (1877)
      Mugler v. Kansas (1887)
      Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway v. Minnesota (1890)
      Allgeyer v. Louisiana (1897)

  The Roller-Coaster Ride of Substantive Due Process
      Holden v. Hardy (1898)
      Muller v. Oregon (1908)
      Bunting v. Oregon (1917)

  The Heyday of Substantive Due Process

  The Depression, the New Deal, and the Decline of Substantive Due Process
      Nebbia v. New York (1934)
      Morehead v. New York ex rel. Tipaldo (1936)
      Williamson v. Lee Optical Company (1955)
      Pennell v. City of San Jose (1988)
      BMW of North America v. Gore (1996)

Chapter 11. The Takings Clause

  Protecting Private Property from Government Seizure
      Kelo v. City of New London (2005)
      Barron v. Baltimore (1833)
      Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad v. Chicago (1897)

  What Constitutes a Taking?
      United States v. Causby (1946)
      Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon (1922)

  The Public Use Requirement

  Resurrecting the Takings Clause
      Nollan v. California Coastal Commission (1987)
      Dolan v. City of Tigard (1994)
      Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency (2002)

PART V. Approaching Civil Liberties

Chapter 12. Religion: Exercise and Establishment

  Free Exercise of Religion
      Reynolds v. United States (1879)
      Cantwell v. Connecticut (1940)
      Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940)
      Prince v. Massachusetts (1944)
      Braunfeld v. Brown (1961)
      Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
      Thomas v. Review Board of Indiana Employment Security Div. (1981)
      United States v. Lee (1982)
      Goldman v. Weinberger (1986)
      Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah (1993)
      City of Boerne v. Flores (1997)
      Gonzales v. O Centro Espitita Beneficente Uniao Do Vegital (2006)

  Religious Establishment
      McCreary County, Kentucky v. American Civil Liberties Union of Kentucky (2005)
      Van Orden v. Perry (2005)
      Locke v. Davey (2004)
      Bradfield v. Roberts (1899)
      Everson v. Board of Education (1947)
      Walz v. Tax Commission of the City of New York (1970)
      Lamb's Chapel v. Center Moriches Union Free School District (1993)
      Rosenberger v. University of Virginia (1995)
      Epperson v. Arkansas (1968)
      Edwards v. Aguillard (1987)
      Lynch v. Donnelly (1984)
      County of Allegheny v. ACLU (1989)
      Engel v. Vitale (1962)
      Wallace v. Jaffree (1985)
      Lee v. Weisman (1992)
      Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe (2000)

Chapter 13. Freedom of Speech, Assembly, and Association

  The Development of Legal Standards: The Emergence of Law in Times of Crisis
      Abrams v. United States (1919)
      Gitlow v. New York (1925)
      Whitney v. California (1927)
      Stromberg v. California (1931)
      DeJonge v. Oregon (1937)
      United States v. Carolene Products (1938)
      Thomas v. Collins (1945)
      American Communications Association v. Douds (1950)
      Dennis v. United States (1951)
      Brandenberg v. Ohio (1969)

  Regulating Expression: Content and Contexts
      McConnell v. Federal Election Commission (2003)
      Thornhill v. Alabama (1940)
      United States v. O'Brien (1968)
      Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
      Morse v. Frederick (2007)
      Ward v. Rock Against Racism (1989)
      Wisconsin v. Mitchell (1993)
      Virginia v. Black (2003)
      Bigelow v. Virginia (1975)
      Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council (1976)
      Linmark Associates v. Township of Willingboro (1977)
      Bates v. State Bar of Arizona (1977)
      Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940)
      Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System v. Southworth (2000)
      Rumsfeld v. FAIR (2006)
      Roberts v. United States Jaycees (1984)
      Hurley v. Irish American Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Group of Boston (1995)
      California Democratic Party v. Jones (2000)

Chapter 14. Freedom of the Press

  Prior Restraint
      New York Times v. United States (1971)

  The Media and Special Rights
      Zurcher v. Stanford Daily (1978)
      Hochins v. KQED (1978)

  The Boundaries of Free Press: Obscenity and Libel
      Butler v. Michigan (1957)
      Roth v. United States (1957)
      Jacobellis v. Ohio (1964)
      Memoirs v. Massachusetts (1966)
      Paris Adult Theatre v. Slaton (1973)
      Curtis Publishing Company v. Butts (1967)
      Associated Press v. Walker (1967)
      Gertz v. Welch (1974)
      Time, Inc. Firestone (1976)

  New Methods of Expression: the Internet
      Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition (2002)

Chapter 15. The Right to Privacy

  The Right to Privacy: Foundations
      Olmstead v. United States (1928)
      Meyer v. Nebraska (1923)
      Poe v. Ullman (1961)

  Reproductive Freedom and the Right to Privacy
      Planned Parenthood v. Danforth (1976)
      Harris v. McCrae (1980)
      Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health (1983)
      Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1989)
      Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey (1992)
      Stenberg v. Carhardt (2000)
      Gonzales v. Carhart (2007)

  Private Activities and the Application of Griswold
      Katz v. United States (1967)
      Stanley v. Georgia (1969)
      Bowers v. Hardwick (1986)
      Washington v. Glucksberg (1997)
      Vacco v. Quill (1997)
      National Treasury Union v. Von Raab (1989)
      Vernonia School District A7J v. Acton (1995)
      Chandler v. Miller (1997)
      Ferguson v. City of Charleston (2001)

PART VI. The Rights of the Criminally Accused

Chapter 16. Investigations and Evidence

  Searches and Seizures
      Georgia v. Randolph (2006)
      Terry v. Ohio (1968)
      Weeks v. United States (1914)
      Wolf v. Colorado (1949)

  The Fifth Amendment and Self-Incrimination
      Escobedo v. Illinois (1964)
      Dickerson v. United States (2000)

Chapter 17. Attorneys, Trials, and Punishments

  The Right to Counsel
      Powell v. Alabama (1932)
      Betts v. Brady
      Argersinger v. Hamlin (1972)
      Scott v. Illinois (1979)
      Douglas v. California (1963)
      Ross v. Moffitt (1974)

  Fair Trials
      Sheppard v. Maxwell (1966)
      Maryland v. Craig (1990)

  Sentencing and the Eighth Amendment
      Roper v. Simmons (2005)
      Ewing v. California (2003)
      Furman v. Georgia (1972)
      McCleskey v. Kemp (1987)

  Post Trial Stages
      Ashe v. Swenson (1970)

PART VII. Civil Rights

  The Fourteenth Amendment
      Yick Wo v. Hopkins (1886)
      Bolling v. Sharpe (1954)

  The Fifteenth Amendment

  Congressional Enforcement of Civil Rights
      Civil Rights Cases (1883)

Chapter 18. Discrimination

  Racial Discrimination
      Scott v. Sandford (1857)
      Slaughterhouse Cases (1873)
      Civil Rights Cases (1883)
      Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada (1938)
      Sweatt v. Painter (1950)
      McLaurin v. Oklahoma Board of Regents (1950)
      Brown v. Board of Education II (1955)
      Cooper v. Aaron (1958)
      Griffin v. Prince Edward County School Board (1964)
      Green v. School Board of New Kent County (1968)
      Swann v. Charlotte-Mechlenburg Board of Education (1971)
      Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1;
                  Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education
(2007)

  Sex Discrimination
      Bradwell v. Illinois (1873)
      Orr v. Orr (1979)
      Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan (1982)
      United States v. Virginia (1996)
      Michael M. v. Superior Court of Sonoma County (1981)
      Rostker v. Goldberg (1981)

  Economic Discrimination

  Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation
      Bowers v . Hardwick (1986)

  Remedying the Effects of Discrimination: Affirmative Action
      Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)
      United States v. Paradise (1987)
      City of Richmond v. J. A. Croson Co. (1989)
      Fullilove v. Klutznick (1980)
      Adarand Constructors v. Pena (1995)

Chapter 19. Voting and Representation

  The Supreme Court and Elections

  Voting Rights
      Oregon v. Mitchell (1970)
      Louisiana v. United States (1965)
      Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections (1966)
      Kramer v. Union Free School District (1969)
      Dunn v. Blumstein (1972)

  Regulation of Election Campaigns
      Buckley v. Valeo (1976)
      Randall v. Sorrell (2006)
      Federal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. (2007)

  Political Representation
      Colegrove v. Green (1946)
      Baker v. Carr (1962)
      Wesberry v. Sanders (1964)
      Gomillion v. Lightfoot (1960)
      United Jewish Organizations of Williamsburgh v. Carey (1977)
      Shaw v. Reno (1993)
      LULAC v. Perry (2006)